Medina al-Munawwarah, situated in the northwest of Arabia, approximately 130 km from the Red Sea, stands at an elevation of 619 meters above sea level. The city is surrounded by Uhud Mountain to the north, Ayr Mountain to the south, and volcanic lava fields known as Vebere on the east and west sides. Often referred to as Dār al-Hijra, Madīnat al-Nabī, and Medina al-Munawwarah, the city’s current population is around 900,000. Formerly known as Yathrib, it is celebrated for the enlightenment brought by Prophet Muhammad.
MEDINA AL-MUNAWWARAH
Medina al-Munawwarah, also known as the sanctuary of the Prophet’s migration, holds a unique place in Islamic history:
- It extends a helping hand when others withdraw theirs.
- It served as the first capital of the Islamic state.
- It dispatched messengers to convey the pure faith of Islam to foreign lands.
- It ranks as the most blessed city after Mecca al-Mukarramah.
- Over half of the Qur’an was revealed here.
This luminous city is home to the Seal of Prophets, Prophet Muhammad, along with notable companions like Abu Bakr and Umar. It encompasses the garden of paradise, known as Raudah al-Mutahhara, and Jannat al-Baqi, the burial site of 10,000 companions. Uhud Mountain, blessed by the presence of 70 martyrs, Masjid al-Qiblatayn, and the “Seven Mosques” are integral parts of this blessed city.
Quoting the Prophet (SAW):
“Medina is the dome of Islam, the abode of faith, the land of migration, and the place where what is permissible and forbidden is explained.” (Targhib, 2/228)
“Whoever is able to die in Medina should die there. Certainly, I will intercede for those who die there.” (Targhib, 2/223)
Respect and reverence are required for Medina al-Munawwarah, with worship in this city holding superiority in virtues, rewards, blessings, and outcomes. It is recommended that those unable to adhere to the rights and etiquettes of Mecca al-Mukarramah and Medina al-Munawwarah refrain from residing there.
The esteemed scholar Imam Malik demonstrated this reverence by refusing to ride a donkey on the sacred ground, and a poet, Nabi, highlighted the significance of respecting this holy place. Abdul Hamid II, during the construction of the Hejaz Railway, emphasized the need for silence and respect as the team approached Medina al-Munawwarah.
The verses recited by minaret muezzins during mornings, teaching respect for the sacred city, were said to have been taught by the Prophet himself. This reflects the deep respect our ancestors held for this blessed city.
O morning breeze, if you reach the direction of the Two Holy Mosques,
Present my respect, O breeze, to the chosen one among men.